Women and private military and security companies

Abstract

Lack of clarity about the application of international law norms and inadequacies of existing regulatory regimes covering private military and security companies (PMSCs) have reinforced concerns about transparency and accountability in respect of gender-related violence, harassment, and discrimination. This chapter focuses on the main issues and legal concerns raised by the impact of the privatisation of war on women, both as PMSC employees and civilians. Part I highlights how armed conflict, civil unrest, occupation, and transition have a detrimental effect upon the lives of women with particular reference to safety, displacement, and health and economic disadvantage. Part II provides a summary of existing international humanitarian law and human rights provisions relating to women. Part III examines recent developments within the United Nations, the work of the ICRC, and international criminal law jurisprudence shaping these legal norms. Part IV considers the key recommendations of recent international and international initiatives covering PMSCs and women.