Abstract:
The ruling Laval is a ruling of clarification and innovation:
it clarified that the conditions of work
contained in collective agreements may only be
applied when those agreements have been extended
to all employers; it innovated by declaring
the right to strike as a fundamental right, by applying
the obligations arising from the fundamental
freedoms to behaviour of private parties and by
subjecting the exercise of the right to strike to a
proportionality test.