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Threats to press freedom and journalists' safety : a comparative study of Greece, Slovakia, and Spain
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Elga BROGI, Iva NENADIĆ and Pier Luigi PARCU (eds), Media pluralism in the digital era : legal, economic, social, and political lessons learnt from Europe, New York ; Abingdon : Routledge, 2025, pp. 49-63
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ŽUFFOVÁ, Mária, PAPADOPOULOU, Lambrini, SUAU MARTÍNEZ, Jaume, Threats to press freedom and journalists’ safety : a comparative study of Greece, Slovakia, and Spain, in Elga BROGI, Iva NENADIĆ and Pier Luigi PARCU (eds), Media pluralism in the digital era : legal, economic, social, and political lessons learnt from Europe, New York ; Abingdon : Routledge, 2025, pp. 49-63 - https://hdl.handle.net/1814/77339
Abstract
Free journalism is indispensable for monitoring the actions of political representation, holding it accountable, exposing the misuse of power, and defending public interests. Fulfilling these roles assumes that journalists can do their job and pursue public-interest stories to the best of their abilities without fear of retaliation. In this chapter, building on the Media Pluralism Monitor data, we discuss the key issues of concern related to the journalists' safety, focusing on the attacks in the offline and online environment and the political elite's hostile criticism of the media. We analyse these issues in the context of Greece, Slovakia, and Spain, which share several common features regarding their media environment. Yet, these countries differ in risks to journalists' safety. We find, however, that despite different risk levels, the safety of journalists has been deteriorating in all three countries over the years. These findings have important implications for policymakers.
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Published online: 13 September 2024