The politics of self-determination : remaking territories and national identities in Europe, 1917-1923
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New York : Oxford University Press, 2016
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PROTT, Volker, The politics of self-determination : remaking territories and national identities in Europe, 1917-1923, New York : Oxford University Press, 2016 - https://hdl.handle.net/1814/93774
Abstract
This study examines the territorial restructuring of Europe between 1917 and 1923, when a radically new and highly fragile peace order was established. In a first step, it explores the peace planning efforts of Great Britain, France, and the United States in the final phase of the First World War. It then provides an in-depth view on the practice of Allied border drawing at the Paris Peace Conference of 1919. Special attention is given to a new factor in foreign policymaking—academic experts employed by the three Allied states for the tasks of peace planning and border drawing. Two case studies are presented of disputed regions where the newly drawn borders caused ethnic violence, albeit with different results: the return of Alsace-Lorraine to France in 1918–19 and the Greek–Turkish War between 1919 and 1922. A final chapter investigates the approach of the League of Nations to territorial revisionism and minority rights, thereby assessing the chances and dangers of the Paris peace order over the course of the 1920s and 1930s. The book argues that at both the international and the local levels, the ‘temptation of violence’ drove key actors to simplify the acclaimed principle of national self-determination and use ethnic definitions of national identity. Local elites, administrations, and paramilitary leaders soon used ethnic notions of identity to mobilise popular support under the guise of international legitimacy. Henceforth, national self-determination ceased to be a tool of peace-making and instead became an ideology of violent resistance.
Table of Contents
-- Part I Planning the Post-War Order
-- 1 Tying up the Loose Ends of National Self-Determination: British, French, and American Peace Planning, 1917–1919
-- 2 ‘Réintégration pure et simple?’ Reinventing the Franco-German Border of Alsace-Lorraine, 1914–1918
-- 3 The Cradle of Civilization on the Fringes of Europe: The Quest for Greek Expansion into Asia Minor
-- Part II Implementing The Paris System
-- 4 The Interwar Period in a Microcosm: Negotiating Borders at the Paris Peace Conference
-- 5 Ethno-Political Drifts: The Return of French Rule to Alsace-Lorraine, 1918–1919
-- 6 A Precarious Border Zone: Ethnic Violence and the Greek–Turkish War of 1919–1922
-- 7 Revisiting the Peace Architecture: Border Changes and Minority Rights in the League of Nations
-- Conclusion
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Published online: 4 August 2016
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Published version of EUI PhD thesis, 2013