'Hard AI crime' : the deterrence turn

NERANTZI, Eleni; SARTOR, Giovanni

doi:10.1093/ojls/gqae018

'Hard AI crime' : the deterrence turn

dc.contributor.author	NERANTZI, Eleni
dc.contributor.author	SARTOR, Giovanni
dc.date.accessioned	2024-05-15T09:04:05Z
dc.date.available	2024-05-15T09:04:05Z
dc.date.issued	2024
dc.description	Published online: 07 May 2024	en
dc.description.abstract	Machines powered by artificial intelligence (AI) are increasingly taking over tasks previously performed by humans alone. In accomplishing such tasks, they may intentionally commit ‘AI crimes’, ie engage in behaviour which would be considered a crime if it were accomplished by humans. For instance, an advanced AI trading agent may—despite its designer’s best efforts—autonomously manipulate markets while lacking the properties for being held criminally responsible. In such cases (hard AI crimes) a criminal responsibility gap emerges since no agent (human or artificial) can be legitimately punished for this outcome. We aim to shift the ‘hard AI crime’ discussion from blame to deterrence and design an ‘AI deterrence paradigm’, separate from criminal law and inspired by the economic theory of crime. The homo economicus has come to life as a machina economica, which, even if cannot be meaningfully blamed, can nevertheless be effectively deterred since it internalises criminal sanctions as costs.	en
dc.description.sponsorship	The work has been supported by the “CompuLaw” project, funded by the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (Grant Agreement No.833647)	en
dc.format.mimetype	application/pdf	en
dc.identifier.citation	Oxford journal of legal studies, 2024, OnlineFirst	en
dc.identifier.doi	10.1093/ojls/gqae018
dc.identifier.issn	0143-6503
dc.identifier.issn	1464-3820
dc.identifier.uri	https://hdl.handle.net/1814/76866
dc.language.iso	en	en
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dc.publisher	Oxford University Press	en
dc.relation	Computable Law
dc.relation.ispartof	Oxford journal of legal studies	en
dc.rights	info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess	en
dc.rights.license	Attribution 4.0 International	*
dc.rights.uri	http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/	*
dc.title	'Hard AI crime' : the deterrence turn	en
dc.type	Article	en
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