'With or Without You'? Revisiting territorial state-bypassing in EU interest representation
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1350-1763
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Journal of European Public Policy, 2010, 17, 1, 76-99
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TATHAM, Michael Robert, ‘With or Without You’? Revisiting territorial state-bypassing in EU interest representation, Journal of European Public Policy, 2010, 17, 1, 76-99 - https://hdl.handle.net/1814/13076
Abstract
Both the number and the powers of sub-state entities in the European Union (EU) have grown. These sub-state entities represent their European interests using both intra- and extra-state channels. The increasing use of the latter has encouraged scholarly literature to focus on the emerging 'paradiplomacy' of these entities. Sub-state paradiplomacy, however, can be both conducted in tandem with its member state or bypassing it. This article seeks to better understand such patterns of interaction between state and sub-state interest representation. Using original survey data, it tests five different hypotheses about the determinants of state bypassing and non-bypassing. It argues that devolution of powers and party politics are relevant factors explaining the frequency of bypassing and co-operative interest representation. Other factors, including size, financial resources and length of exposure to the integration process do not seem to play a role.