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Title:Civil Society and the Paralyzed State: Mobilizing for democracy in East Germany Author(s):RITTER, Daniel P.Date:2012Type:Working PaperSeries/Number:EUI SPS; COSMOS; 2012/06Abstract:Among cases of transition to democracy from below, the East German one constitutes a particularly challenging puzzle. Whereas social movements taking advantage of an oppositional space within a repressive context have ...
Title:Reluctant Rulers and the Negotiated Transition: Mobilizing for democracy in Hungary Author(s):RITTER, Daniel P.Date:2012Type:Working PaperSeries/Number:EUI SPS; COSMOS; 2012/09Abstract:Among the Eastern European democratization processes of the 1989 period, Hungary stands out as the least dramatic transition in the region. Whereas other countries experienced massive demonstrations in favor of democratic ...
Title:Civil Society and the Velvet Revolution: Mobilizing for democracy in Czechoslovakia Author(s):RITTER, Daniel P.Date:2012Type:Working PaperSeries/Number:EUI SPS; COSMOS; 2012/04Abstract:In the late 1980s Czechoslovakia was considered one of the most repressive countries in Eastern Europe and a staunch Soviet ally. In the aftermath of the 'Prague Spring' of 1968, repressed with Soviet help, the regime ...
Title:Nationalism and Transitions: Mobilizing for democracy in Yugoslavia Author(s):RITTER, Daniel P.Date:2012Type:Working PaperSeries/Number:EUI SPS; COSMOS; 2012/03Abstract:The Yugoslav transition(s) to democracy is perhaps the most complex of all the Eastern European cases. It can be argued that Yugoslavia enjoyed the most favorable initial conditions of any country in the region: the regime ...