Peruvian migration policies : policy and institutional frameworks

Abstract

Peruvian migration policies can be analysed considering two key concepts: bilateral agreements between sending and receiving countries, and return policies promoted by countries of origin. On one hand, bilateral agreements show the existing power relationships between large and small countries, aiming to reduce migratory flows and control illegal migration in receiving states. On the other hand, origin countries have perceived migrants as passive beneficiaries, disregarding their capabilities and needs since only a few migrant groups are involved in consultation processes. The migration policies implemented by governments in states of both origin and destination represent a key aspect within the INTERACT project that can estimate the integration processes of migrants in receiving countries. This article examines the evolution of emigration policies implemented in Peru during the last thirty years and points out the importance of governments in strengthening linkages with its citizens living abroad.