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dc.contributor.authorGIULIANI, Giuliana
dc.date.accessioned2020-10-16T13:15:24Z
dc.date.available2020-10-16T13:15:24Z
dc.date.issued2020
dc.identifier.citationFlorence : European University Institute, 2020en
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/1814/68635
dc.descriptionDefence date: 14 October 2020en
dc.descriptionExamining board: Professor Fabrizio Bernardi (European University Institute); Professor Juho Härkönen (European University Institute); Professor Jan Van Bavel (KU Leuven); Professor Clara Cortina (Universitat Pompeu Fabra)en
dc.description.abstractWhy are women the younger partner in the majority of couples? This thesis investigates the social and gendered patterns of age-difference between heterosexual partners in Europe and beyond, and the causes behind such patterns. Chapter 2 begins by constructing a theoretical framework to identify the mechanisms of mating selection that apply to age-differences, whether these may vary by gender, and why. In the following two chapters, the thesis investigates how age differences among married couples varies across space and time. In chapter 3, it analyses age differences between spouses in 96 countries, and how they vary according to the level of socio-economic development, women’s empowerment and the demographic characteristics of the country. In chapter 4, it focuses on one case study, showing how age differences between spouses have changed in Italy over the past 145 years. Thereafter, the thesis moves on to cohabiting and married unions and tests two specific hypotheses affecting women’s and men’s preferences for age hypergamy. In chapter 5, it tests the “empowerment” hypothesis, according to which women with more opportunities are less likely to choose older men because such women can “afford” the risk of less financially stable men and less traditional gender roles. In chapter 6, the “evolutionary” hypothesis is tested, that is that men seek younger women as a reproductive strategy. The thesis shows the persistence of hypergamy and its prevalence among marriages worldwide, but cross-country differences linked to different levels of women’s empowerment. Importantly, the patterns of age differences among European cohabiting and married couples reflect gender differences in opportunities in the society and, only to a lesser extent, biological differences in reproduction capacity.en
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdfen
dc.language.isoenen
dc.publisherEuropean University Instituteen
dc.relation.ispartofseriesEUIen
dc.relation.ispartofseriesSPSen
dc.relation.ispartofseriesPhD Thesisen
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessen
dc.subject.lcshSex role
dc.subject.lcshMan-woman relationships
dc.subject.lcshWomen -- Social conditions
dc.titleWho is older? : gender and age differences in heterosexual couplesen
dc.typeThesisen
dc.identifier.doi10.2870/804604
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