Institutionalizing intersectionality in the ‘big three’ : the changing equality framework in France, Germany, and Britain

Abstract

This chapter evaluates the ways in which the legal and normative demands of multiple equality strands are being addressed institutionally in the so-called big three countries of Western Europe. It deploys comparative analyses of current state-level reforms in the different types of institutions designed to implement equality policies in France, Germany, and Britain. The chapter documents the ‘policy legacy’ in the domain of equality found in each country at the beginning of the twenty-first century and the patterns of legal-political reforms underway, and evaluates the potential of these reforms for ‘institutionalizing intersectionality’.