The engagement of Italy with Indo-Pacific security : a compass to navigate pitfalls and advance interests

Abstract

This report explores the evolving role of Italy in Indo-Pacific security, and highlights its transition from a traditionally Mediterranean-focused power to playing a new role in a region critical for future global alignments. The strategic engagement of Italy is structured around four main pillars: naval diplomacy, defence cooperation, multilateral partnerships and promotion of its defence industry. From deployments of naval assets such as frigates and even its aircraft carrier to enhanced bilateral ties with regional powers, Italy has strategically positioned itself to support regional stability. However, the paper warns of potential risks, including military overstretch and insufficient policy coordination. By recommending the development of a more coherent Indo-Pacific approach, institutional coordination mechanisms and diversified regional partnerships, the article shows how Italy can effectively navigate geopolitical challenges while maximising its diplomatic and security impact. Italy’s comprehensive cautious approach will be key to balancing strategic interests and contributing to Indo-Pacific stability.