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Building the future of data-driven research and decision-making to control epidemics : a VACCIINE for open data policies
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2600-271X
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EUI; STG; Policy Analysis; 2025/05
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DÍAZ-VALDERRAMA, Miller, VILLADIEGO, Ana María, LEÓN-GIRALDO, Sebastián, NIÑO-MACHADO, Natalia, MISHRA, Swasti, CUADRADO, Cristobal, GONZÁLEZ-URIBE, Catalina, PENTTINEN, Pasi Martti Petteri, BERNAL, Oscar, Building the future of data-driven research and decision-making to control epidemics : a VACCIINE for open data policies, EUI, STG, Policy Analysis, 2025/05 - https://hdl.handle.net/1814/78259
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic underscored the need for robust open data infrastructures to support data-driven public health decision-making, particularly for controlling infectious diseases. Current open data policies often emphasise transparency and accountability but overlook the practical usability of data for research. This policy analysis, informed by literature reviews and projects such as Open2Health and Epiverse-TRACE LAC, examines open data for epidemiological surveillance in Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC). It identifies barriers and proposes a structured policy framework ﾗ VACCIINE (Values, Adoption Cultures, Common Infrastructures, Incentives, New expertise). These guidelines provide policymakers with a practical roadmap to build effective open data ecosystems. These guidelines focus on cultural and infrastructural shifts, including adopting standards, enhancing data architecture, and leveraging data accessibility. Key challenges include distrust, lack of standardisation, resource limitations, and undervaluation of data activities. Policymakers should foster cooperation and incentivise high-quality data production and sharing. To create a responsive data ecosystem, this analysis also integrates the FREE-FAIRER principles, which go beyond transparency to ensure that open data is findable, accessible, interoperable, reusable, and ethically governed. Together, these frameworks provide actionable recommendations to enhance public health research, crisis response, and long-term epidemic preparedness.
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Published online: April 2025