Introduction Abdulhadi Khalaf and Giacomo Luciani 7 1. Political Reform Measures from a Domestic GCC Perspective Abdulaziz Sager 17 2. Rules of Succession and Political Participation in the GCC States Abdulhadi Khalaf 33 3. Generations of Gulf Constitutions: Paths and Perspectives Gianluca Paolo Parolin 51 4. Elections and Parliamentary Activity in the GCC States: Broadening Political Participation in the Gulf Monarchies Andrzej Kapiszewski 88 5. Media Policy as a Litmus Test of Political Change in the GCC Naomi Sakr 132 6. The Constitutionality of Discrimination: A Search for Women's Political Equality in Kuwait Farah Al-Nakib 157 7. Liberalization from Above: Political Reforms and Sultanism in Oman Marc Valeri 187 8. The Institutionalization of the Saudi Political System and the Birth of ‘Political Personnel’ Camille Ammoun 211 9. The New Corporatism in Saudi Arabia: Limits of Formal Politics Steffen Hertog 239 10. Democracy vs. Shura in the age of the Internet Giacomo Luciani 274 Biographies 298 GRC Publications 301