War, human rights, and double standards

Abstract

The European Union’s response to Russia’s full-scale invasion of Ukraine was seen as determined and united. Accordingly, European member states pulled together to offer temporary protection to millions of Ukrainians displaced by the conflict. European institutions organised and coordinated unprecedented sanctions. European people experienced a profound energy crisis and began an equally profound energy transition. And, at least up to the end of 2023, all levels of governments worked to help support Ukraine with both humanitarian and military assistance in that country’s efforts to resist and repel Russian aggression. Within Europe, this showunder of solidarity was cause for celebration in most seats of power. Outside Europe, however, the reception was very different. Many voices expressed dismay at the economic and humanitarian consequences of a prolonged conflict. Many also questioned why European responses to Ukraine were so different from European responses to other conflicts and refugee flows. Hamas’ attack on the South of Israel and the Israeli government’s response in Gaza only deepened concern about European commitment to the protection of human rights, and about its double standards and racialised politics, both within and outside Europe. Such concerns are not easily dismissed. They chip away at European self-perception of civilian power or normative power even as they threaten to undermine Europe’s relations with other countries and its role in a changing world order. The challenge for European leaders is to explain such a gap in perception and action and ultimately the connection between European policy and European proclaimed values.